The NRS Ningaloo Mooring (IMOS platform code: NRSNIN) is one of a series of 9 national reference stations designed to monitor oceanographic phenomena in Australian coastal ocean waters. The mooring is deployed at Latitude: -21.8668, Longitude: 113.947. The Ningaloo WA-IMOS national reference station will extend the number of long term time series observations in Australian coastal waters in terms of variables recorded both in their temporal distribution and geographical extent. It will also provide for biological, physical and chemical sampling and for 'ground truth' of remotely sensed observations.

This dataset contains meteorological data from Agincourt Reef, Great Barrier Reef, from November 1989 with breaks. The weather station is located on Quicksilver's northern pontoon. These data are collected to support scientific research at AIMS. Data are made available on request to other researchers and to the public. The weather station is an AIMS Mk3 System.Data recorded: Sea Temperature (1m and 10m at MSL), Barometric Pressure, Air Temperature, Solar Radiation (PAR), Wind Direction True (vector averaged), Wind Speed True (30 min average).This weather station has been deployed in three different locations on Agincourt Reef.Location 1: -15.9617, 145.8225 from November 1989 to 1996Location 2: -16.0381, 145.8325 from 1996 to October 2000Location 3: -16.033, 145.817 from October 2000 to present.1. Operation and Weather SensorsThe weather stations collect and store data in electronic memory every half-hour. A central base station calls each remote station regularly using HF radio or telephone lines. The data is transmitted over the radio as a frequency shift keyed signal, organised as packets of information. Errors are detected using parity and check sum methods. Invalid packets are identified by the Base Station, which requests they be sent again. This concept allows recovery of a very high percentage of the data despite poor communications. Remote stations store data for 21 days. Features such as automatic operation, remote control, remote time setting, built in diagnostics, have been developed and incorporated.The sensors are a key part of a weather station. The following are chosen considering the cost, reliability and accuracy.* R.M.Young manufactures the wind sensor, a model number 05103. It is a propeller type with the advantages of being highly linear, highly interchangeable and having a low threshold. Wind direction is measured as the direction the wind is coming from.* The solar radiation sensor is an Under Water Quantum Sensor made by Licor. It measures light in terms of its "Photosynthetically Active Radiation" (PAR). The spectral response is defined and weighted. Drift due to aging of the filters has proven to be a problem, but this applies to similar units too.* Temperature sensors are all Omega Interchangeable Thermistors. These are interchangeable and have high accuracy, but reliability has proven a problem. We are considering alternatives.* The barometric sensor was a modified Aanderaa type on earlier stations. The Mk2 stations were fitted with a Weathertronics Unit. Now all stations are Mk3 stations fitted with a Vaisala barometer which is more interchangeable and more accurate.2. System AccuracySystem accuracy is calculated as the sum of errors caused by: * Calibration * Interchanging sensors * Drift with time * Effects of an ambient temperature range from 0-40 degrees C.The following are the specifications of the sensors used with Mk3 stations. A new sensor suite will be used with Mk5 stations, partly based on the Vaisala WXT510 weather sensor.Both the temperature and wind sensors are interchangeable, and not individually calibrated, though some individual sensors have been checked against standards.* Air Temperature: Interchangeable thermistor and electronics is within +/- 0.4 deg. C, with a 30 seconds settling time in air. There are additional errors due to the aspiration of the temperature screen at low wind speeds.* Water temperature: Interchangeable thermistor and electronics is within +/- 0.4 deg. C, with a 30 minutes settling time in water. A higher precision in situ calibration is normally used (around +/- 0.1 degrees), traceable to a 0.04 degrees standard.* Solar radiation (PAR): +/- 5% of reading. Sensor drift is approximately -4% per year initially.* Barometric pressure: +/- 1 hecto Pascal.* Wind speed: 2% of reading +/- 0.1% FSD.* Wind direction: 2% of reading +/- 0.1% FSD.Electrical settling time for solar radiation and wind parameters is 7 seconds. This is necessary for anti-aliasing filters. Mk1 and Mk2 stations averaged 16 samples over the 16 seconds before logging. Mk3 stations use a continuously averaging software system. The wind readings are vector averaged, so direction is accounted for properly.Calibration procedures and routines are detailed on the Engineering website.3. Wind Sensor SpecificationThe following are additional specifications of the wind sensors used with Mk3 stations. A new sensor will be used with Mk5 stations. Wind sensors are mounted at a nominal 10 meters above water. The R.M. Young sensor has the following characteristics:* Wind SpeedRange: 0-60 m/sPitch: 29.4 cm air passes per rev.Distance constant: 2.7 m for 63% recovery* Wind DirectionRange: 360 deg, with 5 deg electrically open at northDamping ratio: 0.25Delay distance: 1.5 m for 50% recoveryThreshold: 1.0 m/s @ 10 deg.Displacement: 1.5 m/s @ 5 deg. displacement Damped w/length: 7.4 mUndamped w/length: 7.2 m4. Underwater Temperature SensorsThese sensors are interchangeable thermistors in Mk3 stations. They can be mounted a significant distance from the weather station, using a 2 wire connection. The basic accuracy is due to the use of interchangeable units. However improved accuracy is obtained by calibrating against a precision reference sensor in situ. These are in turn calibrated against a standard traceable to 0.04 degrees.

A series of six 6m steel poles have been installed in the lagoon of Heron Island as part of the sensor network deployment at Heron Island. The poles serve two purposes; their primary purpose is to form the backbone of a wireless network that covers the entire lagoon system and secondly they themselves support a range of sensors mounted onto the pole or leading away from the pole. One pole (RP5) also supports a Vaisala WXT520 weather station.This record is for Sensor Relay Pole 1. The pole is solar powered and routes data from the Sensor Floats and other Sensor Relay Poles back to the Base Station located on Heron Island. The system uses the Campbell Scientific CR1000 loggers and RF411 Spread-Spectrum radios to process and route the data. The poles also can support a range of sensors, this pole also has a simple bottom mounted thermistor using the MEA thermistors.The unit will be serviced every six months and will be used in the future for attaching new sets of sensors. The pole works primarily as a network repeater, it collects data from other poles and the Sensor Floats and routes it back to the Base Station either directly or via another pole. The poles are spaced approximately every two kilometers with the exception of those closest to the island, the base station on the island is on a 19M tower and so a greater range was found for the first set of poles.Each pole therefore provides a wireless data network in a two kilometer radius, the combination of the six poles provides coverage for the entire lagoon. The height of the base station gives around a five kilometre range around the island itself.The poles are 6M in height constructed from galvanized steel with a solar powered instrument top consisting of a battery unit powered from the solar panels, Campbell CR1000 logger and Campbell RF411 radio. The logger can support a range of interfaces and is suitable for connection to a range of instruments.The initial instrumentation is just a single base mounted MEA thermistor, the intention is to add more instruments as time and opportunity allow. Power SupplyBattery Backed (1 x 33Ahr AGM with Solar Regulator), 4 x 5W Solar Panel Supply.Logger Settings - Pakbus Address - 110Logger Setup as router (isRouter = True)CSDC7 comms board rate set at 34KSDC7 neighbours range: 1 - 180SDC7 Beacon: 3600Over-Reef RF Network - RF411 attached to the CSIO port of the loggerRadio Settings - Active Interface - Datalogger CSDCSDC Address 7Protocol: Pakbus awareRadio Net Address - 0Hop Sequence - 0Power mode - Retry level - Low

A 6m steel self supporting pole was erected on the northern side of Orpehus Island in the channel between Pelorus Island and Orpheus Island.The pole is set up as per RP1 with two MEA thermistors located at 50m and 100m from the pole and an SBE39 located 100m from the pole and an SBE37 located 200m from the pole in the deeper water. The project looks to deploy sensor networks at seven sites along the Great Barrier Reef to measure a range of physical parameters at a range of scales. The project will install communications, data and platform infrastructure that will support future sensor work looking at biological and chemical parameters. The FAIMMS Project is part of the GBROOS or Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project which in turn is part of the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System or IMOS.

This dataset contains sea temperature data for the upwelling detection station attached to the S2 Pylon in Cleveland Bay. These data are collected to support scientific research at AIMS. Data are made available on request to other researchers and to the public. Data Recorded: Sea temperature (2.9m, 10.0m and 14.7m).

Sensor network infrastructure was installed at Lizard Island in the northern Great Barrier Reef off Cooktown, Australia. The infrastructure consists of a base station mounted on the workshop of the Lizard Island Research Station (LIRS), two sensor poles that create the on-reef network and four sensor floats on which the sensors are attached. The network uses both 802.11 links and slower spread-spectrum links between the deployed equipment and a Telstra nextG link back to the mainland. The sensors deployed consist of a Vaisala WXT520 weather station mounted on RP2, MEA Thermistors mounted on each of the buoys to give surface temperature and a mix of SeaBird SBE37 CTD and SeaBird SBE39 TD via inductive cables / modems on the buoys. Sensor strings (inductive cables) are run across the sea bed to position the instruments in deeper water. The project looks to deploy sensor networks at seven sites along the Great Barrier Reef to measure a range of physical parameters at a range of scales. The project will install communications, data and platform infrastructure that will support future sensor work looking at biological and chemical parameters. Sensor Floats: A round 1.4m yellow buoy has been deployed in the southern part of the main lagoon of Lizard Island to the east of Palfrey Island. The buoy is configured as a sensor-float with a Campbell Scientific logger, spread-spectrum radio and 2.4/5 GHz 802.11 wireless for communicating with the base station (located at the workshop near the Research Station) a surface mounted (60cm under the water surface) thermistor and an inductive modem to support a range of inductive sensors, initially this will be a SeaBird SBE39 measuring temperature and pressure (depth) and a SeaBird SBE37 measuring conductivity (salinity), temperature and depth. As of August 2010 the inductive sensors are located along a 30m cable that runs north into the main lagoon with a SBE39 located at the base of the buoy and the SBE37 at the end of the sensor run.The unit will be serviced every six months and will be used in the future for attaching new sets of sensors. The buoy is one of four buoys and two relay-poles being deployed on Lizard Island as part of the GBROOS Project. The design looks to measure the water within the lagoon as well as water impinging onto the reef and potentially any upwelling or movement of warm water that may cause thermal stress such as coral bleaching. The buoys initially have a Campbell Scientific loggers powered off four 5W solar panels, a wind turbine and one thermistor located at the base of the buoy around 60cm below the water line. The buoys use a Campbell Scientific spread-spectrum radio as well as 802.11 Wi-Fi to talk back to Relay Pole 2 and then to Replay-Pole 1 and then to the Base Station. Weather Stations on Relay Pole 2: A Vaisala WXT520 integrated weather station has been installed on RP2, a 6m steel pole which has been installed within the lagoon of Lizard Island on the northern Great Barrier Reef. The sensor-relay pole provides a platform for the installation of sensors to measure and monitor water conditions within the lagoon of Lizard Island. The pole has real time communications using 900MHz spread spectrum radio back to a base station on Lizard Island. The weather station provides measurement of air temperature (Deg. C.), humidity as relative percent, barometric pressure (milliBars or hPa), rainfall amount, intensity and duration, hail amount, intensity and duration (not common on coral reefs!) and wind speed and direction. The wind speed and direction and processed into scalar and vector (directional) based readings and presented as 10 and 30 minute averages to give mean values and maximum values. From these you can get the average wind conditions at either 10 minute or 30 minute periods as well as the gust or maximum wind conditions. The weather station is connected via an SDI-12 interface to a Campbell Scientific CR1000 logger which uses a RF411 radio to transmit the data, every 10 minutes, to the base station on Lizard Island and then a Telstra nextG link is used to send the data back to AIMS. Identical weather stations are also on Heron Island (southern GBR), One Tree Island (near by) and Orpheus Island (central GBR). A light sensor is also located on the Island itself to give measures of PAR. The weather station is to provide on-reef weather conditions to allow the interaction with the atmosphere and the water to be understood. It is NOT set up as a meteorological grade station (for example it is too low to the water) but rather to give an indication of the atmospheric conditions at the surface of the water actually on the reef. If you need meteorological grade observations then use the data available for near by locations from www.bom.gov.au Power Supply Battery Backed (1 x 33Ahr AGM with Solar Regulator), 4 x 5W Solar Panel Supply. Logger Settings - Pakbus Address - 150 Logger Setup as router (isRouter = True) SDC7 comms board rate set at 34K SDC7 neighbours range: 1 - 180 SDC7 Beacon: 3600 Over-Reef RF Network - RF411 attached to the CSIO port of the logger Radio Settings - Active Interface - Datalogger CSDC SDC Address 7 Protocol: Pakbus aware Radio Net Address - 0 Hop Sequence - 0 Power mode - < 2mA 1 Second Retry level - Low This project is part of the Wireless Sensor Networks Facility (formerly known as Facility for The Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)), part of the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project (GBROOS) (IMOS)

The National Tidal Centre maintains a SEAFRAME (SEA-Level Fine Resolution Acoustic Measuring Equipment) station at Cape Ferguson as part of an array of fourteen standard stations, and two supplementary stations (Lorne and Stony Point), which are owned by port operators. The equipment provides accurate measurements of sea level as well as recording meteorological parameters (water temperature, air temperature, barometric pressure, wind direction, wind gust and wind speed). These data are available online. These stations were deployed for the Australian Baseline Sea Level Monitoring Project. The project is designed to monitor sea level around the coastline of Australia. The ultimate goal is to identify long period sea level changes, with particular emphasis on the enhanced greenhouse effect on sea level.

Sensor network infrastructure was installed at Heron Island in the southern Great Barrier Reef off Gladstone, Australia. The infrastructure consists of a base station mounted on the existing communications tower, a number of network relay poles installed in the lagoon and a number of buoys which carry the actual sensors. The initial design is to monitor the flow of water through the lagoon which is often 'ponded' due to the high coral rim to the lagoon, this creates complex in and out flows and flushing of the lagoon system. The deployment in August 2008 consisted of the base station using the Telstra nextG service, six 6m relay poles located in the lagoon and five sensor floats also located in the lagoon. The poles carry one bottom thermistor, the floats currently have surface thermistors only. Additional instrumentation will be added by the end of 2008. The project looks to deploy sensor networks at seven sites along the Great Barrier Reef to measure a range of physical parameters at a range of scales. The project will install communications, data and platform infrastructure that will support future sensor work looking at biological and chemical parameters. This project is part of the Wireless Sensor Networks Facility (formerly known as Facility for The Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)), part of the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project (GBROOS) (IMOS)

A 6m steel self supporting pole was erected on the north/west side of Orpehus Island in the channel between Pelorus Island and Orpheus Island but positioned to face more towards the ocean and just on teh entrance to the channel.RP3 on the seaward side of Orpheus Island is set up the same as RP1 and RP2 although as of early 2010 only the two MEA thermistors at 50 and 100m are installed, the SBE37 and SBE39 wil be instaled later in 2010. A vaisala WTX520 weather station is installed on this pole. The project looks to deploy sensor networks at seven sites along the Great Barrier Reef to measure a range of physical parameters at a range of scales. The project will install communications, data and platform infrastructure that will support future sensor work looking at biological and chemical parameters. The FAIMMS Project is part of the GBROOS or Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project which in turn is part of the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System or IMOS.

A round 1.4m yellow buoy has been deployed in the Heron Island lagoon as part of the sensor network infrastructure at Heron Island in the southern Great Barrier Reef off Gladstone, Australia. The buoy is configured as a sensor-float with a Campbell Scientific logger, a spread-spectrum radio for communicating with the on-reef wireless network, a GPS and initially a surface mounted (30cm under the water surface) thermistor.The float is moored in the lagoon of Heron Island in around 3m of water and will be used to monitor the flow of water through the lagoon. It will be fitted with surface salinity and bottom depth and temperature in late 2008. The unit will be serviced every six months and will be used in the future for attaching new sets of sensors. The buoy is re-locatable and the GPS data should be used to find the current location. The buoy is one of five re-locatable platforms in the lagoon at Heron Island onto which sensor will be located. The buoys initially have a Campbell Scientific loggers powered off two 5W solar panels, a Garmin GPS unit and one thermistor located at the base of the buoy around 30cm below the water line. The buoys use a Campbell Scientific spread-spectrum radio to talk back to the base station located on Heron Island. Power SupplyBattery Backed (1 x 33Ahr AGM with Solar Regulator), 2 x 5W Solar Panel Supply.Logger Settings - Pakbus Address - 171Logger Setup as node (isRouter = False)CSDC7 comms board rate set at 34KCSD7 Beacon = 21600CSDC7 Neighbours range 1 - 1, 110 - 110, 120 - 120Over-Reef RF Network - RF411 attached to the CSIO port of the loggerRadio Settings - Active Interface - Datalogger CSDCSDC Address 7Protocol: Pakbus awareRadio Net Address - 0Hop Sequence - 0Power mode - less than 2mA 1 SecondRetry level - Low